Neologization of the Russian Language in the Second Half of the 19th Century: on the History of Some Abstract Nouns

The article is devoted to the analysis of the process of neologization of the Russian language in the second half of the XIX century in connection with neo-conceptualization, by which we mean the formation of new concepts or the transformation of previously received ideas about the world. Russian classical writers (V. G. Korolenko, N. S. Leskov, L. N. Tolstoy, A. P. Chekhov) epistolary served as the research material in comparison with the data of dictionaries of the XIX century, the National Corpus of the Russian language and other sources. Two types of lexical innovations of the era are considered: 1) neologisms that verbalized concepts of a pan-European nature, 2) neologisms that verbalized concepts specific to the Russian national consciousness. Appearance of some abstract nouns is explained by a combination of extralinguistic and linguistic factors: the formation or updating of a concept and the action of an intra-system law: filling in lexical and word-formation gaps. The semantics and morphological structure of lexical units of different thematic groups, features of their use in speech and lexicographic fixation are analyzed.